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Sanctions watch

Every incident where a lawyer got caught filing AI-fabricated citations. The Hall of Shame.

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857
Incidents tracked
266
Incidents in 2026
$2,397,608
In fines, where reported
212 of 857 report an amount

The curve

Incidents per month

Last 18 months of published incidents, by the date of the court's order.

May 2025 Oct 2026

Charting 447 of 857 incidents; the rest are undated or fall outside this window.

Blamed by name

Counts only incidents where the filing court or the reporting named the tool.

Caught, not sanctioned 2025-12-09
The court found the plaintiff had cited case-law references that could not be located, indicating hallucinated AI-generated references, but imposed no sanctions.
Tribunal argentino apercibe a abogado que utilizó inteligencia artificial para redactar escrito con jurisprudencia inexistente · Cámara del Trabajo - 1ra Circ. - Viedma
“However, the court did not impose any sanctions, as the incident occurred before a relevant regulation came into force.”
konbriefing.com ↗
The file →
  • Tribunal argentino apercibe a abogado que utilizó inteligencia artificial para redactar escrito con jurisprudencia inexistente; the plaintiff's lawyer
  • The plaintiff filed a brief with uncitable case-law references likely generated by AI
  • No sanctions were imposed because a relevant regulation was not yet in force
  • Cámara del Trabajo - 1ra Circ. - Viedma, Argentina
  • 2025-12-09; the court warned against AI hallucinations
Fined $60K ChatGPT 2025-12-05
An Illinois circuit court sanctioned a law firm $50,000 and an individual attorney another $10,000 for including false case citations and quotations in post-trial submissions, which the court characterized as a “serious failure” of the attorneys’ obligation to present truthful, accurate information.
Jordan v. Chi. Hous. Auth., No. 2022 L 000095 · Chicago Housing Authority's counsel · Cook County Circuit Court · IL
“The Court further emphasized its focus was “not on the misuse of artificial intelligence to conduct unreliable legal research and drafting,” but “the inexcusable submission of false authority and factual arguments to the Court, the subsequent misrepresentations about the extent of the improper conduct, and the failure to take prompt responsibility for errors once discovered.””

Cases that don't exist

  • Mack v. Anderson
klemchuk.com ↗
The file →
  • A law firm and an individual attorney were sanctioned in Jordan v. Chi. Hous. Auth.
  • They included 14 instances of non-existent quotes and fabricated holdings in post-trial submissions, generated using AI.
  • The sanction was a monetary fine totaling $60,000 ($50,000 for the firm and $10,000 for the attorney).
  • The sanction was issued by an Illinois Circuit Court.
  • The incident date was December 5, 2025, and the court emphasized that the obligations of officials of the court precede electronic research and artificial intelligence.
Referred to the bar ChatGPT 2025-12-04
Jisuh Lee filed a factum with hallucinated case law and allegedly lied about using ChatGPT; the court referred the matter for criminal contempt proceedings.
Ko v. Li · Jisuh Lee of ML Lawyers · Ontario Superior Court of Justice
““This is a very unusual case and one that may resonate throughout the administration of justice.””
regulayer.com ↗
The file →
  • Ko v. Li involved Jisuh Lee of ML Lawyers in an estate matter.
  • She filed a factum containing AI-hallucinated case law and later admitted using ChatGPT.
  • The court referred the contempt matter to Ontario’s attorney general; no amount was ordered.
  • Ontario Superior Court of Justice in Ontario, Canada.
  • Dec. 4 order; Justice Frederick Myers said it was a very unusual case.
Caught, not sanctioned 2025-12-04
A brief cited fake cases, and Judge Pallmeyer did not impose sanctions, likely because the litigant was pro se.
Dorsey v. Ponce et al · Northern District of Illinois · IL
tresslerllp.com ↗
The file →
  • Dorsey v. Ponce et al involved fake-case citations.
  • The court received a brief citing fake cases but imposed no sanctions.
  • The article says leniency was likely due to the pro se litigant.
  • Northern District of Illinois, federal court in Illinois.
  • Dec. 4, 2025; Judge Pallmeyer was one of the judges mentioned.
Caught, not sanctioned ChatGPT 2025-12-04
McGuire Woods filed a brief with fake citations, and the court sanctioned the lawyer and ordered the firm to explain itself.
Ringer v. Bank of America, N.A. · McGuire Woods LLP · U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia · GA
“In other words, the Court must be concerned with the message sent to other lawyers, firms and non represented parties as to the consequences of cutting corners, by using tools such as ChatGPT or even AI modules offered by reputable legal research databases without adequate care, or otherwise failing to verify the accuracy of citations and assertions in legal filings.”
tcpaworld.com ↗
The file →
  • Ringer v. Bank of America; McGuire Woods LLP was involved.
  • A lawyer filed a brief containing a ton of fake cites.
  • The court sanctioned the lawyer and required the firm to explain itself.
  • U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia.
  • Dec. 4, 2025; the court said careless citation errors must not be tolerated.
Caught, not sanctioned Gemini 2025-12-04
The court declined to transfer the case and noted that counsel had cited AI-generated authorities, but no sanction order is described on the page.
In re Bard IVC Filters Products Liability Litigation · N.D. Ga. · GA
copyrightalliance.org ↗
The file →
  • In re Bard IVC Filters Products Liability Litigation; counsel
  • The page says counsel cited AI-generated authorities in the case
  • No sanction order is described on the page
  • N.D. Ga. in federal court, Georgia
  • 2025-12-04; the page mentions Gemini among AI tools
Filing dismissed 2025-12-03
The court dismissed a waste-disposal fine challenge and said the statement of claim had clearly been generated using a generative AI tool.
Tribunal administratif de Grenoble · Tribunal administratif de Grenoble
“the statement of claim had clearly been generated using a generative AI tool.”
konbriefing.com ↗
The file →
  • Tribunal administratif de Grenoble, 2509827; the citizen
  • The filing was unclear and the court found it had been generated with generative AI
  • The court dismissed the application as manifestly inadmissible
  • Grenoble, France
  • 2025-12-03; municipal fine for waste disposal was challenged
Fined $2K 2025-12-03
Gabriel A. Watson filed appellate briefs with two made-up cases and a fabricated quote, and the Oregon Court of Appeals fined him $2,000.
Ringo v. Colquhoun Design Studio, LLC · Gabriel A. Watson · Oregon Court of Appeals · OR
“We also recognize that it has become common to refer to cases and principles fabricated by artificial intelligence as ‘hallucinations.’ We reject that terminology because it obscures both the nature and the seriousness of the situation we face. … [G]enerative artificial intelligence is not perceiving nonexistent law as the result of a disorder. Rather, it is generating nonexistent law in accordance with its design.”
oregonlive.com ↗
The file →
  • Gabriel A. Watson was sanctioned in the Cohoon/Ringo appeal.
  • He filed briefs citing two made-up cases and a fabricated quote from real case law.
  • The Oregon Court of Appeals imposed a $2,000 fine.
  • The sanction came from the Oregon Court of Appeals in Oregon.
  • Dec. 3, 2025; Chief Judge Erin Lagesen called it a "very grave situation".
Fined $8K 2025-12-01
Counsel submitted a brief with fabricated quotes and case law citations, leading the court to strike the brief, impose a $7,500 fine, and refer counsel to the State Bar.
Peiman Shayan v. Ebby Shakib · Fahim Farivar · California Court of Appeal, Division One · CA
“It is undisputed that appellant’s attorney, Fahiin Farivar, filed a brief containing numerous fabricated quotations—that is, language falsely attributed to published decisions.”
metnews.com ↗
The file →
  • Peiman Shayan v. Ebby Shakib involving attorney Farivar.
  • Attorney filed an opening brief containing fabricated quotes and fake case law citations.
  • The court struck the brief, ordered a corrected filing, imposed a $7,500 fine, and referred counsel to the Bar.
  • California Court of Appeal (CA California).
  • Decided December 1, 2025; court noted attorney refused to accept responsibility, calling them mere clerical errors.

Showing 631–640 of 857.

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